PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Wang, Rongxi AU - Kang, Weiming AU - Liu, Zhen AU - Zheng, Yumin AU - Sui, Huimin AU - Li, Linlin AU - Wang, Jiarou AU - Xiang, Jialin AU - Peng, Xingtong AU - Chen, Xiaoyuan AU - Zhu, Zhaohui AU - Zhang, Jingjing TI - Head-to-Head Comparison of [<sup>68</sup>Ga]Ga-NOTA-RM26 and [<sup>18</sup>F]FDG PET/CT in Patients with Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: A Prospective Study AID - 10.2967/jnumed.124.267810 DP - 2024 Oct 24 TA - Journal of Nuclear Medicine PG - jnumed.124.267810 4099 - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/early/2024/10/24/jnumed.124.267810.short 4100 - http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/early/2024/10/24/jnumed.124.267810.full AB - Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common stromal tumors in the gastrointestinal tract. This study was designed to evaluate a gastrin-releasing peptide receptor antagonist PET tracer, [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-RM26, and compare it with [18F]FDG PET/CT in the assessment of patients with GISTs. Methods: With institutional review board approval and informed consent, 30 patients with suspected or proven GISTs based on abdominal CT or gastroscopy were recruited. All patients underwent [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-RM26 and [18F]FDG PET/CT scans. Pathology and other patient information were collected. Results: No radiopharmaceutical-related adverse events were observed in the patients. In total, 18 lesions in 16 patients were diagnosed as GIST, 3 patients were diagnosed with schwannoma, and 4 patients were diagnosed with leiomyoma. In 18 GISTs, the mean SUVmax of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-RM26 PET was significantly higher than that of [18F]FDG PET (17.07 ± 19.57 vs. 2.28 ± 1.65; P &lt; 0.01), and [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-RM26 PET/CT had a higher tumor detection rate than did [18F]FDG PET/CT (88.9% vs. 50%; P &lt; 0.01). The uptake of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-RM26 in GISTs was significantly higher than that in 2 other benign tumors (leiomyoma or schwannoma) (17.07 ± 19.57 vs. 4.23 ± 1.77; P = 0.014). With the SUVmax cutoff value of 6.0, the sensitivity of 68Ga-NOTA-RM26 PET/CT in diagnosing GISTs is 72% and the specificity is 85.7%. Conclusion: Compared with [18F]FDG PET/CT, [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-RM26 PET/CT is a promising and effective imaging modality for the detection of GISTs.